VM /ETC

Archive for the ‘esxi’ Category

Managing and troubleshooting ESXi 4 can be a little alien when an administrator is used to the Service Console of ESX Classic. Specifically, troubleshooting remote connectivity to the ESX management interface after adding a second NIC involves local esxcfg-vswitch commands on ESX, but with ESXi the esxcfg commands are only available via the RCLI. Problem is you can’t use the RCLI if you lost remote management connectivity! Luckily, the local ESXi GUI lets you reconfigure your mistake and re establish remote connections.

Hit F2 on the ESXi Console and enter the System Configuration Menu

  Choose to Configure Management Network > Network Adapters

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ESXi doesn’t have a Service Console like ESX. Therefore, you can’t SSH to the server without entering unsupported mode. That process may be a hassle if all you need to do is modify VM configuration files. Of ourse, you could use the Datastore Browser from the VI/vSphere Client, but to make file edits you would have to download a file to your desktop, edit it, and then upload the changed version back to ESXi again. On the other hand, with Veeam’s free FastSCP editing files on ESXi datastores is easy.

To be clear, you can’t edit configuration files of the ESXi host itself with FastSCP, but there really should not be a need to do so. That’s one of the benefits of ESXi not having a Service Console!

Download FastSCP here. You will have to register with Veeam first, and the registration form will not accept a personal email. I’m guessing there is some kind of lead qualification strategy and support registration involved with this requirement for download, but I learned a work address is unavoidable. I tried to use my gmail address but received a message similar to “you must use a company email address.” The registration process ends with a confirmation email to be acknowledged before you can download, so making up a fake email is futile. Hey, it’s a small price to pay for a free, quality admin tool.

After you install FastSCP you’ll discover you have access to a trial period of Veeam Backup and Replication. I suggest exploring

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To entice SMB interest and acceleration in building cloud infrastructure, today VMware announced new offerings centered on the ESXi 4 hypervisor. In 2 separate press releases, VMware revealed that a new agreement was signed with Intel to effectively distribute ESXi to more SMB customers, and that these customers can now easily automate the installation and configuration of ESXi with VMware Go. This post summarizes the official announcements and then offers some opinion on other factors that continue to influence the ultimate adoption of ESXi.

VMware Signs Agreement with Intel to Expand Reach of VMware vSphere 4 to SMB Customers

“The Intel global reseller community of more than 50,000 Premier and Associate members will benefit from the new agreement by being able to resell the industry-leading virtualization platform to their SMB customers. The agreement supports Intel’s strategy to proliferate virtualization technology on the recently announced Intel Xeon Processor 5500 series into SMB markets and it provides resellers with low-cost high availability solutions, including the three new VMware vSphere 4 product editions for SMBs that enable Always On IT. The Intel ESAA program also provides resellers with pre-certified Intel server platforms for VMware vSphere 4 with the ability to have their products listed on the VMware Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) at no additional charge. This reduces deployment costs and speeds time to market for resellers to address new opportunities.”

VMware Introduces VMware Go—A New Service that Will Make Virtualization Even Easier for First Time Users

“VMware Go is a free web-based service that will enable SMB customers to fly through the ESXi setup process with just a few mouse clicks.  The award-winning VMware ESXi is the industry’s most widely deployed hypervisor, with hundreds of thousands of users worldwide.  VMware ESXi, also available for free, allows companies to reduce overhead and simplify business operations by running multiple operating systems and applications on a single server, spending less money on hardware, power and cooling, and server administration. VMware ESXi together with VMware Go is an on-ramp for companies new to virtualization, especially small businesses who may not think they have the time or budget to get started.

VMware Go was developed in partnership with Shavlik Technologies, a member of VMware’s Technology Alliance Partner Program. VMware Go will be made available as a beta offering on August 31, 2009 to customers who go to http://www.vmware.com/go/vmware-go-beta. VMware Go is expected to become generally available as a free service in 2010″

As first pointed out to me by Eric Sloof on the NTPRO.NL blog, the VMware Go Beta is available today at Read the rest of this entry »

Admins of heavily consolidated VMware VI 3 Clusters should make plans as soon as possible to download Update 5 of VMware vCenter Server to take advantage of increased performance and scalability. The latest update to vCenter 2.5 was released on July 10 and boasts improvements to support fail over management of up to 80 VMs per ESX/ESXi host in a HA (High Availability) Cluster.

The following details were taken from the VMware VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 5 Release Notes:

What’s New

Support for High Consolidation in VMware HA Clusters – VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 5 includes significant performance and scalability improvements to VMware HA. Use VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 5 for environments with more than 35 virtual machines (VMs) per host in an HA cluster.

For information on the ESX Server host settings required for this scalability improvement, see ESX Server host settings required for environments with up to 80 virtual machines per host in an HA Cluster (KB 1012002).

Upgrading or Migrating to VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 5

This release supports upgrading from VirtualCenter 1.4.1, VirtualCenter 2.0.2 (including Update 1, Update 2, Update 3, Update 4, and Update 5), VirtualCenter 2.5, VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 1, VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 2, VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 3, or VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 4, to VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 5. Review the detailed upgrade and migration instructions and guidelines that are provided in the Upgrade Guide.

Following the above link to KB 1012002 explains that upgrading vCenter 2.5 to U5 is just the start. VI 3 admins also need to make some additional configurations on ESX/ESXi hosts to achieve the 80 VMs per host improvements.

“Starting with the VirtualCenter 2.5 Update 5 release, an ESX Server host in an HA cluster can support up to 80 virtual machines. For all virtual machines to power on on other hosts in the cluster, if hosts within the failover capacity limit fail, you need to ensure that the following parameters in the ESX Server hosts are set with the following values:

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Alex Barrett’s SearchServerVirtualization.com VMware clampdown on free ESXi may prompt defection to Hyper-V article presents VMware’s reasons for making a request to Veeam to stop supporting Veeam Backup with the free ESXi versions. Quoting the interview from Barrett’s story:

“We provide certain APIs [application programming interfaces] and methods particular to the virtualization environment,” said Patrick Lin, the vice president of product management for VMware’s server business unit. By offering access to the hypervisor via a preferred set of APIs, “our intent is to provide a level playing field in the basis of backup,” he said.

But Veeam did not use VMware-approved methods to develop its product, said Parag Patel, VMware’s vice president of alliances. “We’re not exactly sure what they did, but it didn’t seem sound,” Patel said. “For us it’s a question of what’s built and how it’s built. … To be perfectly honest, we didn’t want to be associated with it because it wasn’t satisfactory.”

Perhaps more to the point, Veeam Backup is inconsistent with VMware’s vision of free ESXi deployments. “It’s meant to be a starter … walk before you run,” Patel said. “It’s not supposed to be for complex software environments.” With free ESXi, “you shouldn’t need a whole lot of other tools to make it work.” If you do, you are free to upgrade.

On the other hand, Barrett’s interview also helps confirm the idea that VMware does not wish
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In the official press release today Veeam Software Offers New Essentials Bundle, Acceleration Kits for VMware vSphere 4 Veeam mentions a new policy removing support for the use of Veeam Backup with the free version of ESXi.

“At the same time, Veeam introduced a new policy with respect to support for the free edition of VMware ESXi. “As a longtime Premier Technology Alliance Partner and supporter of VMware’s product strategy, Veeam Software takes great pride in creating innovative software products that enhance the customer value of VMware ESX, ESXi, and ESXi Free,” said Ratmir Timashev, Veeam president and CEO. “One such example is support for the free edition of VMware ESXi in Veeam Backup and Replication.

“Recently, VMware requested that Veeam discontinue support for ESXi Free in Veeam Backup and Replication in order to comply with VMware’s updated licensing policy,” Timashev continued. “In light of VMware’s request, and our close technical partnership, Veeam Backup and Replication will no longer support ESXi Free. We will still continue to offer support for ESXi Free to existing Veeam customers who purchased Backup & Replication prior to version 3.1.””

Be sure to read those two paragraphs again.

Veeam, a company that seems to have found a successful niche marketing to SMBs and remote branch office VMware deployments, has been asked to remove support of the use of one it’s popular products with free ESXi. Possibly shedding some additional light on this mystery, the press announcement mentions respect for VMware’s product strategy and Veeam’s long time status as a technology partner. There is no mention of Veeam pulling free ESXi support of the popular FastSCP file management tool.

Without any inside information about the VMware ESXi roadmap and strategy, here is a quick review of ESXi’s public timeline: Read the rest of this entry »

“Should I use VMFS or RDMs (Raw Device Mappings) for my VMware ESX virtual machines (VMs)?” It’s a popular discussion not just for new virtual infrastructure (VI) planning but for existing environments as well. In my experience, Many VMware ESX virtual machines using RDMs were created because of a perceived boost in VM and application performance. Somehow, the wrong impression became widespread: the proprietary VMware VMFS file system created too much I/O overhead and slowed down the VM performance. Although the VMFS reputation has been publicly repaired again, there are still regular challenges explaining this virtual disk myth to VMware administrators.

There are definite pros and cons for using both VMFS and RDMs. This post suggests the 3 most common practical reasons (in my opinion) to use RDMs. That is, reasons that benefit VI administrators, leverage a VM’s native operating system,  or take advantage of technologies and process designed for physical environments. I also provide some links to a few other blogs that have recently explored the same RDM vs VMFS topic as supporting examples.

First, if proof is still needed that performance should not be a factor in the VMFS versus RDM decision, check out VMware’s own PDF titled Performance Characteristics of VMFS and RDM.

So what are some practical reason for using RDMs? Read the rest of this entry »